﻿{"id":2710,"date":"2018-06-05T19:57:15","date_gmt":"2018-06-05T17:57:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/?p=2710"},"modified":"2025-08-20T13:04:32","modified_gmt":"2025-08-20T11:04:32","slug":"drip-irrigation-efficiency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/en\/drip-irrigation-efficiency\/","title":{"rendered":"Drip irrigation efficiency"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><div style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h1    avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling   '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Drip irrigation efficiency and water saving<\/h1><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_two_third  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_third   column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oriaz-environnement.sumupstore.com\/article\/goutteur-solaire-oriaz-par-6-ou-par-60\">Buy Online here<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Drip irrigation efficiency is an increasingly important topic.<\/span><\/span> <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Climate changes expose us to drought even in countries where rainfall is regular.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">To improve drip irrigation efficiency, we have to identify and quantify each source of losses between water input and the water captured by the plant&#8217;s roots<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">We must not be content with virtuous intentions or fake quality labels, but make verifiable engineering tests and measurements.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Here&#8217;s how to achieve the highest level of watering efficiency of 99% with the ORIAZ Solar-Dripper.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Efficiency is defined as the % of water actually used by the plant in proportion to the water volume at the start of the system. <span class=\"tlid-translation translation\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\" title=\"\">We measured evaporation loss at less than 1%.<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Solar-Dripper uses the patented <strong>Cossette Thermodynamic Regulator providing the maximum drip irrigation efficiency<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Watering maintained during cloudy weather&gt; already about 30% loss<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">This loss due to lack of flow modulation is the first problem of automatic watering systems using simple timers, porous cones or gravity diffusers in a continuous mode like a perfusion.<\/span><\/span> <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">If the watering flow is not modulated, the watering system will lose about 30% water with unwanted watering during cloudy days.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0 A <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">24-hour continuous drip irrigation mode can even affect the plant&#8217;s health by causing root rot due to asphyxia.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"gt-src-c\" class=\"g-unit\">\n<div id=\"gt-src-p\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"gt-res-c\" class=\"g-unit\">\n<div id=\"gt-res-p\">\n<div id=\"gt-res-data\">\n<div id=\"gt-res-wrap\">\n<div id=\"gt-res-content\">\n<div id=\"gt-res-dir-ctr\" class=\"trans-verified-button-small\" dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">The ORIAZ Solar-Dripper \u00a9 has a built-in solar modulation to follow plant&#8217;s needs.\u00a0 This graph shows the hourly flow rate measurement in ml \/ h and the hourly water requirements (ET: evapotranspiration) measured by a professional weather station. <\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"trans-verified-button-small\" dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">This unique R&amp;D experience with the ORIAZ Solar-Dripper \u00a9 was first performed in Annecy and <a href=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Press-release-Solar-Dripper-watering-synchronism-EN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">repeated in Switzerland.<\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">The Solar-Dripper reacts to temperature cycles with a variable flow from 0 to 200 ml per hour.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">This <span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">is impossible with conventional drippers with constant rates of 500 ml to 8L per hour. We have experimentally succeeded on orchids average watering rates of less than 0.5 ml\/h.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">The Cossette Regulator adaptive flow rates are about 10 to 1000 times lower than conventional drippers&#8217; capability.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">This flow reduction reduces saturation, improves oxygenation and reduces percolation loss. Conventional drippers cannot go down to these ultra-low flow rates ( less than 500 ml \/ h) due to the clogging problems, which worsen exponentially with the restriction required for lower flow.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">Conventional drippers need an electric controller system to adapt the watering durations. The Solar Dripper has this feature built in.<\/div>\n<div id=\"gt-res-data\">\n<div id=\"gt-res-wrap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4619 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"594\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1.png 960w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1-768x475.png 768w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1-705x436.png 705w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1-450x278.png 450w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/built_in_modulation-1-600x371.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9837 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-Dripper-watering-needs-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"945\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-Dripper-watering-needs-1.jpg 945w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-Dripper-watering-needs-1-300x144.jpg 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-Dripper-watering-needs-1-768x369.jpg 768w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-Dripper-watering-needs-1-705x339.jpg 705w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-Dripper-watering-needs-1-450x216.jpg 450w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-Dripper-watering-needs-1-600x288.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Solar-Dripper \u00ae natural synchronism with the plant needs\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9vJor6Qrubw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The patented Solar-Dripper technology eliminates unwanted watering. It adjusts the watering flow continuously. Regular watering pauses ensure <\/span>proper <\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">ground oxygenation<\/span><\/span>. <span class=\"\">During cloudy days, the Solar-Dripper is not triggered by a rise in temperature, and the flow almost stops.\u00a0 Example of daily temperature cycle:<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4673\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/rithme-temp-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/rithme-temp-2.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/rithme-temp-2-300x35.jpg 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/rithme-temp-2-768x90.jpg 768w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/rithme-temp-2-1030x120.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/rithme-temp-2-705x82.jpg 705w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/rithme-temp-2-450x53.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">These two videos demonstrate the modulation. The first one shows the ORIAZ Solar-Dripper watering tomato plants during a sunny day. But the second video shows the same system stopped on a rainy day.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">This automatic adaptation of the Solar-Dripper \u00a9 is unique.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Solar-Dripper dripping on a sunny day: this normal flow is caused by the sun&#8217;s heat: each tomato plant receives exactly 750 ml of water from each bottle.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The small difference in timing does not matter because each bottle is emptied before refilling.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The resulting irrigation coefficient of variation is 0% with perfect distribution for each tomato plant.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Arrosage Bioclimatique ORIAZ Croissance par journ\u00e9e ensoleill\u00e9e\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1U0p3GiU3a0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The same Solar-Dripper irrigation system during a rainy day: the 750 ml water reserves are kept for the next day and will drip only if required.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Arrosage Bioclimatique ORIAZ Croissance par temps pluvieux.\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5Z2Tjt7-Lbc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Evaporation: 5\u00a0 to 40% losses<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<div id=\"gt-apb-main\"><span id=\"ft-l\"><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Evaporation loss is present with all sprinkler systems and also with conventional surface drip systems.\u00a0 With spraying irrigation, the evaporation losses in the air are even more important because of the droplets misting before touching the ground.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Conventional surface drip irrigation also creates a wet surface subject to evaporation.<br \/>\n<\/span> <\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>But the Solar-Dripper subsurface irrigation at a slower rate is ideal.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Solar-Dripper watering distribution\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/oLhkOKlOhN8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"tlid-translation translation\"><span class=\"\" title=\"\">After a few days, the root system is established around the wet bulb to capture all the water.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5923\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zone-racine-2_w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zone-racine-2_w.jpg 351w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zone-racine-2_w-300x287.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"tlid-translation translation\"><span class=\"\" title=\"\">Porous cones do not diffuse water from one point but from the entire surface. The flow does not stop, and there is no pause for oxygenation.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Example of surface moisture on a diameter of 15 cm with a porous cone irrigation.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Roots tend to circle the cone and create a root node.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4341\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cone-porreux_enroulement-racine-w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cone-porreux_enroulement-racine-w.jpg 448w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cone-porreux_enroulement-racine-w-300x217.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Example of surface moisture on a diameter of 30 cm with a surface dripper:<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4346\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zone-humide-30.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"416\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zone-humide-30.jpg 416w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zone-humide-30-300x242.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 416px) 100vw, 416px\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>With the ORIAZ subsurface Solar-Dripper, all the water is delivered at a depth of 12 cm in the root system.<\/div>\n<div>The ground surface stays dry as shown.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>To measure the evaporation loss, we did a 24 h evaporation test with some wet ground in a tub exposed to the sun. The 26 cm diameter wet soil surface lost 485.8 ml of water in 24 hours.\u00a0 <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Gravity systems using open bottles also allow water to evaporate from the bottle.\u00a0 <span class=\"\">An open bottle of 8.25 cm of diameter lost 30.5 ml of water a day during our test.<\/span> <span class=\"\">In addition, those open bottles invite mosquitoes to deposit their larvae.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4470\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/evaporation-test-w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/evaporation-test-w.jpg 448w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/evaporation-test-w-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/>\u00a0\u00a0 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4475\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/open_bottle.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/open_bottle.jpg 336w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/open_bottle-263x300.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4351\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-dripper-sol-sec.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-dripper-sol-sec.jpg 336w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/solar-dripper-sol-sec-258x300.jpg 258w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/>\u00a0\u00a0 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4460\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/55perte.w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"305\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/55perte.w.jpg 305w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/55perte.w-183x300.jpg 183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 305px) 100vw, 305px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>We have measured the evaporation loss from the small gap between the Solar-Dripper cone and the regulator post. Only 4.38 grams of water were lost for a watering volume of 796.68 ml. This represents only 0.55% of the water.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Percolation: 5 to 30%<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Percolation is the surplus of water that goes into the ground and ultimately reaches the water table. <span class=\"\">This loss is related to the amount of water applied and to the speed of application.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The micro-flow up to 1,000 times slower with the Solar-Dripper can eliminate the percolation.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Conventional drippers have a typical flow rate of 400 ml\/hr to 8000 ml\/hr (<a href=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/references-agronomiques\/\">IWA-20 ref<\/a>).<\/span> <span class=\"\">These emitters are activated a few minutes per day with pumps to apply a desired nominal volume of water on each plant.<\/span> <span class=\"\">The slower watering rate of the Solar-Dripper with micro-flow from 0.3 ml \/ h to 500 ml \/ h reduces the percolation.<\/span> <span class=\"\">The roots can capture all the water because of the slower rate of the Solar-Dripper.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">To test the absence of percolation, we use potted plants. <span class=\"\">It is easy to verify that water does not accumulate in the plate when the Solar-Dripper is properly calibrated.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Leakage: 5 to 20%<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Leaks in tubing systems are a constant concern for the user. <span class=\"\">Gaskets, fittings, and tubes can be damaged at any time by movement of the ground, rodents, frost, or wear.<\/span> As the tubing is often buried, leaks are not easily detected.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Watering off target 5 to 30%.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Sprinkler systems do not specifically target each plant.<\/span> A lot of water falls away from the plant. <span class=\"\">This water can cause surface runoff.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Variation in drip rates of a dripper network:\u00a0 5 to 20% loss.<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4360\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/variation_debit.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/variation_debit.jpg 448w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/variation_debit-300x178.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/references-agronomiques\/\">From The &#8220;Trait\u00e9 d&#8217;Irrigation&#8221; page 612<\/a><\/p>\n<p>When conventional drippers are new and bench-tested according to ISO 9261 standard, they already have a slight difference of flow of about 2 to 10 % from the nominal flow rate. <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Each dripper connected to a tubing network does not receive exactly the same pressure or the same duration. <span class=\"\">In addition, each dripper gets clogged progressively at a different speed.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">This variation results in uncontrollable differences between the desired nominal flow and the actual flow of each watering point.<\/span> <span class=\"\">Flow differences between drippers can easily reach 5 to 20% after one or two years.<\/span> <span class=\"\">When there is more than 20% variation, it becomes necessary to change or purge the network. The publication <\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Trait\u00e9 d&#8217;Irrigation states &#8220;&#8230; in all cases, the watering uniformity reduction after one year was 20% and we have observed 6 % of total dripper plugging&#8221;.\u00a0<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Conclusion: to ensure that each plant receives the minimum watering volume, an overdose is applied over the entire network.<\/span> <span class=\"\">This overdose of compensation for lack of uniformity can easily represent a loss of about 5 to 20%.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj1rIH285iEAxU1V6QEHT0-D6EQFnoECBMQAQ&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irrigation-management.eu%2Fdeliverables%2FDel223_IrriMED2015Report.pdf&amp;usg=AOvVaw05ryyfwxhbpzSrpk2hN8HN&amp;opi=89978449\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Irrigation System Autiting Guide<\/a> published in 2015 explains this on page 55:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9450 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2-1030x80.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"80\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2-1030x80.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2-300x23.jpg 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2-768x60.jpg 768w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2-705x55.jpg 705w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2-450x35.jpg 450w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2-600x47.jpg 600w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/distri-uniformity2.jpg 1091w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">With the Solar-Dripper it&#8217;s different.<\/span> <span class=\"\">Each plant receives exactly the volume of water from its bottle.<\/span> <span class=\"\">The user can control the watering dose.\u00a0<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p>The manufacturing coefficient of variation of the Solar-Dripper was measured many times at 1.7 to 5 %. But the effective coefficient of irrigation variation is 0 % (perfect) because each bottle is emptied during the watering pause before refilling. If you water 12 tomato plants with 800 ml of water, the distribution balance will stay perfect.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-9460\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Watering-curve-300x150.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Watering-curve-300x150.gif 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Watering-curve-450x225.gif 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">This accuracy and perfect uniformity of watering volumes to the nearest ml are <strong>useful when performing comparative studies<\/strong> between batches of plants.<\/span>\u00a0 <span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Otherwise, you introduce inaccuracy in water or nutrient intake.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Water required for cleaning conventional drippers<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The problem of clogging is a big constraint of drip irrigation.<\/span> <span class=\"\">With conventional drippers, regular cleaning and purges are required to remove biofilms.<\/span> <span class=\"\">These cleaning operations are often done with toxic products such as acid or bleach.<\/span> <span class=\"\">The toxic water volume is not only lost but can pose a problem to permaculture by sterilizing the soil and <span class=\"tlid-translation translation\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\" title=\"\">killing the microbiotic flora<\/span><\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Some porous systems recommend cleaning after each usage because their flow rates tend to decrease quite rapidly. Some c<\/span><span class=\"\">ontinuous gravity diffuser systems sometimes recommend the use of &#8220;pure water&#8221; to prevent clogging.<\/span> <span class=\"\">With conventional drippers, to obtain a lower a low flow rate, you have to use a thinner passage, leading to an increased clogging sensitivity.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">In practice, flow rates of less than 2 liters per hour are rarely used with conventional drippers because of the increased clogging problem.\u00a0 Infusion-type drip systems became clogged in a few days during our tests.\u00a0 In the hospital, infusion systems with a low flow of 50 ml\/h use purified solutions. They are single-use devices.\u00a0 Such systems are prone to breakdowns in the garden as soon as biofilms are formed.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The susceptibility to clogging of conventional drippers is classified into five categories according to the &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/references-agronomiques\/\">Trait\u00e9 d&#8217;irrigation&#8221;<\/a>. <\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Ultra sensitive US, for drippers that require a complete filtration of less than 80 micrometers (pure water).<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Very sensitive TS, which requires a filtration of 80 micrometers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Sensitive S ,which requires a filtration of 100 micrometers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Not very sensitive PS ,which requires a filtration of 125 micrometers.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Very low sensitivity TPS, requiring a filtration of 150 micrometers<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"gt-res-dir-ctr\" class=\"trans-verified-button-small\" dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The <strong>Cossette Thermodynamic Regulator<\/strong> is redefining new drip irrigation limits by its unique ability to pass particles <\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\"> 10 times larger.<\/span> <\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"trans-verified-button-small\" dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">We hav been using rainwater directly for 20 years in our test gardens, and our drippers can be reused for years.<\/span> <span class=\"\">Biofilms pass through the Cossette regulator without blocking it.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">The Solar-Dripper thus defines a <strong>new class of UTC <\/strong><\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\"><strong>: Ultra Tolerant to Biofilm Clogging,<\/strong> with the free passage of particles of more than 2 mm in diameter.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">To compare clogging classes with the Solar-Dripper UTC \u00a9 class, here are circles representing the proposed filtration sizes between the conventional clogging sensitivity classes and the new UTC class.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Particles of more than 2mm will not even cause the Solar-Dripper to fail, but particles simply stay in the bottle until removed manually by the user.\u00a0 We use rainwater without screening, and we find occasionally<\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\"> a large particle in the bottle.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2676\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-dripper-2mm.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"733\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-dripper-2mm.jpg 733w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-dripper-2mm-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-dripper-2mm-705x304.jpg 705w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Solar-dripper-2mm-450x194.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Picture of a 2mm particle and biofilm accumulation example after using 100% unfiltered rainwater.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2047\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/regulator_particle_w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"382\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/regulator_particle_w.jpg 382w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/regulator_particle_w-300x264.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4367\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/saletes_w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"345\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/saletes_w.jpg 345w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/saletes_w-300x292.jpg 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/saletes_w-36x36.jpg 36w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 345px) 100vw, 345px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/en\/how-to-use-urine-fertilizer\/\">Urine can be used as a valuable natural fertilizer<\/a> with the Solar-Dripper: it will not clog.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-6602 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pipi-vert_HF_w-300x175.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pipi-vert_HF_w-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pipi-vert_HF_w.jpg 448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5013\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/plante-test-25-w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"273\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/plante-test-25-w.jpg 273w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/plante-test-25-w-183x300.jpg 183w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 273px) 100vw, 273px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">In conclusion, the accumulation of each loss of automatic watering systems increases rapidly.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">According to the IWA-20 standard published in March 2017, this irrigation efficiency varies from 45 to 95% for the best subsurface drips.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">With its unique design, the ORIAZ Solar-Dripper \u00a9 combines 3 major advantages over conventional subsurface drippers for water saving:<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">A flow rate naturally synchronized with the plant&#8217;s needs.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Up to 1,000 times slower irrigation <\/span><\/span><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">rates <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">A 10 times better tolerance to clogging.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">The ORIAZ Solar-Dripper \u00a9 watering system can therefore achieve 99 % drip efficiency.\u00a0 It solves the clogging problem and releases the user from electric pumps, tubings, filtration systems and irrigation control system complexity.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/oriaz-environnement.sumupstore.com\/article\/goutteur-solaire-oriaz-par-6-ou-par-60\">Buy Online here<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8082\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/ORIAZ-solar-dripper_m.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"137\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 ORIAZ Environnement, Robert Cossette.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/en\/contact-us\/\">Contact us<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/solarimpulse.com\/companies\/solar-dripper\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Member of the World Alliance for Efficient Solutions<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-9613\" src=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w-180x180.png 180w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w-120x120.png 120w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/BE-COSSETTE_w.png 336w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div class='av-social-sharing-box  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last   '><div class='av-share-box'><h5 class='av-share-link-description av-no-toc'>Share<\/h5><ul class='av-share-box-list noLightbox'><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-facebook' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook\" href='https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/solar-dripper.com\/en\/drip-irrigation-efficiency\/&#038;t=Drip%20irrigation%20efficiency' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue8f3' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Facebook'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-twitter' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Twitter\" 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